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MiCA sets out an authorisation regime for providing cryptoasset services in the European Union, with a specific route for certain financial entities. A project’s brand or technology alone does not determine how it falls within the rules.

Map your activities: services offered, customers’ countries, group entities, providers, flows of funds, and who controls the assets or keys. Distinguish token issuance from services such as custody, exchange, order execution or advice.

This information allows an assessment of the regulatory perimeter, applicable authorisations, and priorities for governance, controls and documentation. This analysis should take place before offering the service to the public.

Official source: ESMA · MiCA, Article 59.

For Spanish personal income tax, selling virtual currencies may generate a capital gain or loss. Exchanging one cryptocurrency for another may also have tax consequences, even if you do not withdraw euros to your bank.

Collect records from all your exchanges and wallets, including dates, amounts, fees and acquisition values. Keep supporting documents and distinguish transfers between your own accounts from transactions with third parties. Spain’s tax authority applies the FIFO method to identify equivalent coins disposed of in partial sales.

If you have also received rewards, interest or business income, identify these separately: their treatment requires examining the specific transaction. A platform’s profit figure is no substitute for reviewing your complete history.

Official source: Spanish Tax Agency · 2025 Income Tax Manual.

DIAN’s unified guidance treats cryptoassets as assets that may form part of a taxpayer’s wealth. For Colombian tax residents, income tax analysis covers domestic and foreign-source income; using an overseas exchange does not, by itself, determine the tax treatment.

Collect balances, acquisition dates, costs incurred and transaction records. Separate purchases and sales from payments received, business fees and transfers between your own accounts. If you operate through a company, identify which assets belong to it and which belong to its shareholders.

The next step is to review filing obligations, valuation, income classification and consistency with previous tax returns. If periods or transactions are missing, reconstruct them before deciding how to bring your affairs into order.

Official source: DIAN · Unified guidance on cryptoassets.